Perivascular wall tumour presenting as pastern mass in a Standardbred gelding

A 2-year-old Standardbred gelding was referred for a mass on the palmaromedial right front pastern which was accompanied by progressively worsening lameness. The mass was firm to palpation and covered by normal skin. Ultrasonographically, a smooth encapsulated mass was present, medial to the flexor tendons and palmar to the neurovascular bundle. Because of a poor prognosis for future athletic performance without surgical or chemotherapeutic intervention and economic constraints preventing further diagnostics and treatment, the horse was euthanised. Post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging, histopathology and immunohistochemistry revealed the mass to be a perivascular wall tumour, the first record of such a neoplasia in the horse.     

基于云计算技术和3D渲染的农机虚拟制造技术研究

为了提高农机现代化和批量化生产效率,实现基于个性化需求农机设计和制造,提出了面向机加工的云技术农机制造服务候选资源的发现方法,并设计了农机虚拟制造的云计算平台。在农机部件云制造虚拟平台中,首先利用云存储技术存放大量的候选制造企业资源样本数据,然后利用智能分类算法KNN对候选资源进行分类,根据农机部件制造需求的客户对候选资源进行优选,最后得到最佳的候选资源。基于云计算和3D渲染技术,构建了面向工序级和零件级服务的仿真环境,并通过仿真实验,得到了优选后服务方的服务时间、费用和合格率,为现代农机的批量生产和个性化加工服务提供了新的解决方案。     

超甜玉米子粒果皮柔嫩度的变化规律

为了探讨超甜玉米果皮柔嫩度在子粒发育进程中的变化规律,以10份超甜玉米自交系为材料,采用硬度计法测定子粒发育过程中果皮柔嫩度值,分析果皮柔嫩度在不同环境条件下的变化。结果表明,10份参试材料在果皮柔嫩度上存在梯度差异,其中PE10果皮柔嫩性最好,T105中等,S33205最差;在湖北武汉(2014年春)、海南陵水(2014年冬)两种环境下,在授粉后第12~24天,PE10、T105、S33205的果皮柔嫩度值均呈上升趋势,且各测定时间点的柔嫩度均值由大到小的顺序均为S33205、T105、PE10;随着子粒的发育,相同材料在不同环境条件下果皮柔嫩度差异呈现先增大后缩小最后又趋于一致的规律;2014年湖北武汉春季与海南陵水冬季相比,同一材料最适采收期相差4 d,但最适采收期的果皮柔嫩度值差异不显著,说明环境改变会影响果皮嫩度变化速率,但果皮柔嫩度的好坏本质上仍决定于材料本身。     

常利率通货膨胀下有扰动的双复合Poisson-Geometric过程的两险种风险模型

考虑常利率及通货膨胀下有扰动的双复合Poisson-Geometric过程的两险种风险模型,运用鞅方法得到破产概率满足的Lundberg不等式和一般公式,当保费和索赔服从指数分布和混合指数分布时,得到破产概率的精确表达式。     

Improved Cold and Drought Tolerance of Doubled Haploid Maize Plants Selected for Resistance to Prooxidant tert‐Butyl Hydroperoxide

To improve the abiotic stress tolerance of maize (Zea mays L.), doubled haploid (DH) plants were produced by in vitro selection of microspores exposed to tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (t‐BuOOH) as a powerful prooxidant This study investigated the tolerance of the progenies of t‐BuOOH‐selected DH lines to oxidative stress, cold and drought in controlled environment pot experiments by analyses of photosynthetic electron transport and CO₂ assimilation processes, chlorophyll bleaching and lipid peroxidation of leaves. Our results demonstrated that the t‐BuOOH‐selected DH plants exhibited enhanced tolerance not only to oxidative stress‐induced by t‐BuOOH but also to cold and drought stresses. In addition, they showed elevated activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, glutathione reductase and glutathione S‐transferase when compared with the DH lines derived from microspores that were not exposed to t‐BuOOH and to the original hybrid plants. The results suggest that the simultaneous up‐regulation of several antioxidant enzymes may contribute to the oxidative and cold stress tolerance of the t‐BuOOH‐selected DH lines, and that the in vitro microspore selection represents a potential way to improve abiotic stress tolerance in maize.     

半胱胺对育成期水貂生长和饲料转化率的影响

选择健康育成期水貂208只,其中200只为试验组,8只为对照组,采用二因子试验设计:一个因子为半胱胺的不同添加量,分别按每千克体质量添加10、40、70、100、130 mg半胱胺;另一因子为半胱胺的不同添加间隔时间,分别为1、3、5、7、9 d 5个时间间隔.通过饲养试验研究了半胱胺对育成期水貂体质量增加、饲料转化率...     

黄河未来输沙量态势及其适用性对策

[目的] 探索黄河输沙预测的新思路，预估黄河未来输沙态势与输沙量水平，为黄河流域生态治理规划提供参考。[方法] 结合黄河流域水土保持生态修复现状，采用单累积曲线法、滑动平均及频率分析方法，分析1950—2019年黄河主要来沙区间的实测输沙量变化特征及其未来态势。[结果] 1950—2019年黄河输沙量呈现阶梯式减少。1950—2019年黄河中游各站累积实测输沙量随时间的变化可用“左半抛物线”表征。黄河输沙量自1997年以来已进入相对稳定态势，目前已达企稳状态；黄河潼关站未来年输沙量在90%频率下为1.00×10⁸ t左右，在10%频率下为5.00×10⁸ t左右，未来多年平均输沙量为1.40×10⁸ t。[结论] 为了维持黄河输沙量低稳状态，提升水土保持措施质量与标准，补齐“后水土保持”短板，构建完善的水沙关系调控体系，维持黄河下游河道冲淤平衡，是黄河流域生态保护与高质量发展的保障。     

Neuroprotective effect of novel Rho kinase inhibitor FSD-C10 on a mouse model of Alzheimer disease

AIM: To explore the neuroprotective effect of novel Rho kinase inhibitor FSD-C10 on Alzheimer disease (AD) model of APP/PS1 double transgenic (Tg) mice. METHODS: Male APP/PS1 Tg mice (n=20) at 8 months of age were randomly divided into 2 groups:model group and FSD-C10 treatment group. The mice were treated with normal saline or FSD-C10 (25 mg·kg^-1·d^-1) by intraperitoneal injection, once daily for 2 months. Age-and sex-matched wild-type (WT) mice without treatment were used as the control. The Morris water maze (MWM) test and SMART 3.0 behavioral record system were applied to examine and analyze the spatial cognitive function of the mice. The protein levels and distribution of Aβ, p-tau and synapse-associated proteins such as synaptophysin, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) were determined by immunofluorescence staining. The protein levels of phosphorylated amyloid precursor protein at Thr668[p-APP(Thr668)], beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and synapse-associated proteins in the brain were analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with model group, FSD-C10 treatment significantly improved the cognitive function of the APP/PS1 Tg mice, accompanied by reduced Aβ deposition and p-tau level, increased protein level of p-APP (Thr668) in the central nervous system, decreased expression of BACE1, and increased expression of synapse-associated proteins in the brain of the mice (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: FSD-C10 has neuroprotective potential in the APP/PS1 Tg mice. The mechanism may be related to enhancing the non-amyloidogenic APP cleavage pathway, reducing the production of Aβ oligomers, the deposition of senile plaques and the amount of tau protein, up-regulating synapse-associated proteins, and increasing synaptic plasticity.     

海南水稻生育期的时空变化特征及对气候变暖的响应

基于海南6个农业气象观测站点的水稻生育期资料和1961~2014年历史气象数据,分析了海南不同地区水稻生育期的时空分布特征,以及气候变暖对海南水稻生育期的影响。结果表明,近54 a海南水稻生长季内平均气温呈上升趋势,早稻气候倾向率为0.21~0.3℃/10 a,以苗期最为明显,晚稻为0.18~0.24℃/10 a,以成熟期最为明显。不同地区水稻生育期差异较大,东部地区早于西部地区,早稻播种时间最大相差55 d,早稻收获和晚稻播种最大间隔42 d,降水和高温可能是造成这一差异的主要原因。随着气候变暖,海南大部分地区早稻生育期提前,晚稻生育期延迟,苗期和成熟期持续时间缩短,与该阶段平均气温呈负相关,但全生育期持续时间变异较大,部分站点略有延长。在未来气候变暖背景下,海南早稻播期可适当提前,晚稻播期可适当延迟,并选用耐高温和抗干旱品种,以减轻高温的不利影响。     

鹰嘴豆短肽的分步酶解法制备及其营养价值评价

以鹰嘴豆蛋白为原料,建立复合酶分步酶解法制备鹰嘴豆短肽的工艺。在鹰嘴豆蛋白碱性蛋白酶Alcalase水解的基础上,进一步采用中性蛋白酶和风味蛋白酶Flavourzyme继续水解鹰嘴豆蛋白碱性蛋白酶Alcalase酶解物,并对各影响因素进行研究,建立短肽得率与各影响因素的回归模型,利用高效液相色谱法和氨基酸自动分析仪等测定鹰嘴豆短肽的相对分子质量、氨基酸组成、一般营养成分,评价鹰嘴豆短肽的营养价值。结果表明,中性蛋白酶和风味蛋白酶Flavourzyme制备鹰嘴豆短肽的最佳工艺参数为:复合酶添加量5 678 U/g,pH 7.0,水解时间216 min,水解温度55℃,在此条件下,短肽得率为63.79%,与碱性蛋白酶Alcalase单独酶解相比明显提高,水解度为26.74%;大部分水解产物的相对分子质量低于1 000、脂肪含量低,蛋白质、必需氨基酸等含量丰富,与FAO/WHO推荐的成人需求量模式相比,其第一限制氨基酸是蛋氨酸和半胱氨酸,与学龄儿童需求量模式相比,其第一限制氨基酸是苏氨酸,氨基酸分分别高达138.18和103.25;必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸比值(EAA/NEAA)为0.73,接近FAO/WHO参考标准值0.6。该研究为进一步开发利用和工业化生产鹰嘴豆短肽奠定了基础。